Migraines

A migraine is usually a moderate or severe headache felt as a throbbing pain on 1 side of the head. Many people also have symptoms such as feeling sick, being sick and increased sensitivity to light or sound. Migraine is a common health condition, affecting around 1 in every 5 women and around 1 in every 15 men.

They usually begin in early adulthood.

Causes

The exact cause of migraines is unknown, although they’re thought to be the result of temporary changes in the chemicals, nerves and blood vessels in the brain.Around half of all people who experience migraines also have a close relative with the condition, suggesting that genes may play a role.

types of migraine

  • Where there are specific warning signs just before the migraine begins, such as seeing flashing lights

  • The most common type, where the migraine happens without the specific warning signs

  • Where an aura or other migraine symptoms are experienced, but a headache does not develop

With or Without Aura?

The two major categories are migraine with aura (once called “classical migraines”) and migraine without aura (formerly known as “common migraines”). “Aura” usually includes visual symptoms like lines, shapes, or flashes. You may even lose some of your vision for 10 to 30 minutes. You could also feel tingling in your arms and legs. Auras can even affect smell, taste, touch, or speech. Aura happens to about 1 in 4 people who get migraine headaches. It usually starts before the head pain begins and lasts up to an hour. There are also several migraine subtypes.

Treatment options